丙型肝炎抗病毒藥物治療
Explore this section to learn more about hepatitis C, including a description of the disease and how it's diagnosed.探討本節，以了解更多關於C型肝炎，包括說明這種疾病以及它如何診斷。What is hepatitis C? 什麼是肝炎凱撒佈Hepatitis C is a disease of the liver that is caused by the hepatitis C virus, or HCV.丙型肝炎是一種疾病的肝臟而引起的丙型肝炎病毒，或丙型肝炎病毒。Between 15 to 40 percent of people who get hepatitis C are able to fight off the virus during the early, or acute, stage, usually within six months. 15至百分之四十的人誰獲得C型肝炎能夠抵禦病毒的初期，或急性期，通常在6個月內。 Between 60 and 85 percent of patients cannot get rid of the virus and develop a long-term, or chronic, hepatitis C infection. 60至百分之八十五的病人不能擺脫病毒和發展長期，慢性，感染丙型肝炎。 People with chronic hepatitis C will have the disease all their lives unless they are successfully treated with antiviral medicines.人慢性丙型肝炎的疾病將所有自己的生命，除非他們成功地與抗病毒藥物治療。

Chronic hepatitis C is a serious condition that damages the liver and can lead to potentially fatal liver diseases such as cirrhosis , liver failure and liver cancer .慢性丙型肝炎是一種嚴重的情況下，損害肝臟，並可能導致致命的肝臟疾病，如肝硬化 ，肝功能衰竭和肝癌 。 One of the most common reasons for liver transplants is damage caused by hepatitis C infection.其中最常見的原因是肝移植所造成的損害感染丙型肝炎。

More than four million Americans have been infected with hepatitis C; it is responsible for 8,000-10,000 deaths annually.超過400萬美國人感染了丙型肝炎，它是負責8,000-10,000人死亡。

What are the symptoms of hepatitis C? 有什麼症狀丙型肝炎？

Most people with both acute and chronic hepatitis C have no symptoms from the disease.大多數人都急性和慢性丙型肝炎沒有症狀的疾病。 This is why hepatitis C may persist for years or even decades before it is discovered.這就是為什麼C型肝炎可能持續幾年甚至幾十年前發現。 When symptoms do occur, they may include fatigue, joint pain, itchy skin, muscle soreness, stomach pain and jaundice (a yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes).當症狀發生，他們可能包括疲倦，關節疼痛，發癢的皮膚，肌肉酸痛，腹痛和黃疸 （一變黃皮膚和白人的眼睛） 。

What causes hepatitis C? 丙型肝炎是什麼原因？

You can get hepatitis C if your blood comes into contact with blood from someone who already has the virus.你可以丙型肝炎如果您的血液接觸到血液從某人誰已經病毒。 The most common cause of transmission is the sharing of needles and other equipment used to inject illegal drugs.最常見的傳播是共用針頭和其他設備用於注入非法毒品。 Less common causes of transmission include:不太常見的原因，傳輸包括：

* Sharing a razor, toothbrush or nail clipper with an infected person共用剃須刀，牙刷或指甲鉗與受感染的人
* Accidental exposure to infected blood among health care or public safety workers意外地接觸到受感染的血液之間的衛生保健或公共安全工人
* Exposure to unclean tattooing or body-piercing instruments接觸不潔文身或身體刺穿文書
* Unprotected anal sex or exposure to multiple sex partners無保護的肛交或暴露於多個性伴侶

In rare cases, hepatitis C can be spread from an infected mother to her child at birth.在極少數情況下， C型肝炎傳播可以從被感染的母親傳染給她的孩子出生時。 It cannot be spread by breast-feeding.不能散佈母乳喂養。

Before 1992 there was a risk of getting hepatitis C from blood transfusions. 1992年之前有可能獲得C型肝炎的輸血。 Now all donated blood is tested for HCV so there is almost no risk of getting the disease from blood transfusions.現在是所有捐獻的血液檢測丙型肝炎病毒，因此幾乎沒有風險的霍亂輸血。

How is hepatitis C diagnosed? 丙型肝炎是怎樣診斷的？

Hepatitis C is diagnosed by a blood test.丙型肝炎診斷驗血。 However, blood tests conducted in routine physicals do not include tests for hepatitis C. This is why most people with hepatitis C don't know they have the disease, especially since there may be no symptoms.然而，驗血進行例行體檢不包括檢測丙型肝炎這就是為什麼大多數人丙型肝炎不知道他們有這種疾病，特別是因為可能沒有症狀。

Some people discover that they have hepatitis C when they donate blood, because all donated blood is tested for HCV.有些人發現，他們丙型肝炎獻血時，因為是所有捐獻的血液檢測丙型肝炎病毒。

Others learn they have hepatitis C when they undergo blood tests for other medical problems.其他學習他們丙型肝炎當他們進行抽血化驗，其他的醫療問題。 If the blood tests show persistently abnormal liver enzymes—a sign of liver damage—additional tests will be conducted to find the cause.如果血液測試表明堅持異常肝酶的標誌性肝損傷，額外進行最後檢測，以找出原因。 These additional tests may reveal the HCV infection.這些額外的測試可能揭示了丙型肝炎病毒感染。

In patients with hepatitis C, a liver biopsy, in which a sample of liver tissue is removed and studied in a lab, may be necessary to determine how badly the liver has been damaged by the virus.丙型肝炎患者的肝活檢，其中樣本肝組織被刪除，並研究在實驗室，可能是必要的，以確定如何嚴重的肝臟已被破壞的病毒。

How is hepatitis C treated? 丙型肝炎是如何對待？ Are there side effects from treatment? 是否有副作用的治療？

If you have hepatitis C, the goal of treatment is to try and get rid of the virus in your body.如果您有C型肝炎，治療的目標是試圖擺脫病毒在你的身體。 If the virus is cleared, that can limit the damage done to your liver.如果病毒被清除，可以限制所造成的損害你的肝臟。

Your doctor will talk to you about starting treatment with antiviral medicines that may help get rid of the virus.您的醫生將與您交談約開始治療抗病毒藥物，可以幫助擺脫這種病毒。 The standard medicines for hepatitis C patients are called peginterferons and interferons.標準的藥品的丙型肝炎患者被稱為peginterferons和干擾素。 These two medicines are usually used together.這兩種藥物一起使用，通常。

These drugs work for some, but not all, patients.這些藥物的一些工作，但不是所有患者。 Depending on the type of hepatitis C virus that you have, the treatment has a 40% to 80% chance of getting rid of the virus.根據不同的類型的丙型肝炎病毒，您的治療有40 ％至80 ％的機會擺脫病毒。 For people infected with the most common type of hepatitis C (genotype 1) in the United States, treatment is successful in 50% of cases.感染的人的最常見的C型肝炎（基因型1 ）在美國，治療成功的50 ％的案件。 (Studies show that African Americans have a much lower success rate with combination treatment—only 28%.) （研究表明，非裔美國人有低得多的成功率與綜合治療，只有28 ％ 。 ）

These drugs have some potentially serious side effects.這些藥物有一些潛在的嚴重副作用。 Most people being treated with interferon have flu-like symptoms early on.大多數人正在接受治療與干擾素有類似流感的症狀初期。 These side effects get better with time.這些副作用隨著時間的推移變得更好。 Later side effects, however, may include tiredness, hair loss, low blood count, trouble with thinking, moodiness, and depression.後來的副作用，不過，可能包括疲勞，脫髮，低血計數，遇到的思想，情緒低落，和抑鬱症。 Ribavirin can cause serious anemia, or low red blood cell count.利巴韋林可導致嚴重貧血，或低紅細胞計數。 In some patients, the side effects may be so serious that treatment must be stopped.一些病人，其副作用可能會非常嚴重，治療必須予以制止。 Pregnant women should not be treated with these drugs at all.孕婦不應該用這些藥物在所有。

It is important to discuss the pros and cons of hepatitis C treatment thoroughly with your doctor before you begin treatment.重要的是要討論的優點和缺點丙型肝炎治療徹底與您的醫生，然後再開始治療。 You should also tell your doctor about any side effects you experience during treatment.你也應該告訴你的醫生討論任何副作用，你的經驗在治療過程中。

If I've been diagnosed with hepatitis C, what questions should I ask my doctor? 如果我被診斷患有丙型肝炎，什麼樣的問題 ， 我應該問我的醫生嗎？

* “Do I have acute or chronic hepatitis C?” “我有急性或慢性丙型肝炎？ ”
* “Should I receive hepatitis C treatment?” “如果我收到丙型肝炎治療？ ”
* “What are my chances of clearing the virus if I receive treatment?” “什麼是我的機會，清除病毒，如果我接受治療？ ”
* “What is the chance of me developing cirrhosis or liver cancer if I do not receive treatment?” “什麼是我的機會發展中國家肝硬化或肝癌 ，如果我不接受治療？ ”
* “What treatment do you recommend? “你有什麼治療建議？ What do I need to know about my treatment?”我需要怎麼知道我的待遇？ “
* “How long will I need to be treated? “多長時間我需要治療？ When can I expect to see the results from the treatment?”我什麼時候可以期望看到的結果，治療？ “
* “How will you assess whether the treatment is working for me?” “您將如何評估是否治療工作適合我呢？ ”
* “What should I do if I have side effects? “我應該怎麼做，如果我有副作用？ Is there anything I can take to help the side effects go away?”有什麼我可以幫助副作用走？ “
* “Do I have to stop drinking alcohol even if I only have a few beers or a glass of wine once a week?” “我一定要停止飲酒，即使我只是有一些啤酒或一杯葡萄酒每週一次？ ”
* “How will my hepatitis C affect my family and friends?” “如何將我的C型肝炎是否會影響我的家人和朋友？ ”
* “Should I take any special precautions to avoid infecting others?” “應採取的任何特殊預防措施，以避免傳染他人？ ”

If I have chronic hepatitis C, what can I do to help keep myself and others healthy? 如果我有慢性丙型肝炎，可以採取哪些措施來幫助自己和他人的健康？

With proper management, many hepatitis C patients can lead full and active lives.妥善管理，許多C型肝炎患者可能會導致全面和積極的生活。 If you are infected with hepatitis C, you should:如果你感染了丙型肝炎，您應該：

* Be under the care of a doctor who specializes in the liver.受到照顧的醫生誰專門肝臟。
* Stay on any prescribed medications and keep all your medical appointments.留在任何處方藥，並保持您的所有醫療任用。
* Get the hepatitis A and B vaccinations to protect you from another liver infection.獲得A型肝炎和B接種疫苗，以保護您從另一個肝臟感染。
* Maintain a healthy lifestyle by eating nutritious meals, getting exercise, resting when you feel tired and avoiding alcohol and illegal drugs.保持健康的生活方式吃營養餐，讓運動，休息時，你感到疲倦和避免酒精和非法藥物。
* Use only drugs and supplements that your doctor has approved.只用藥物和補充，您的醫生已批准。
* Consider joining a hepatitis C support group, either in your community or online.考慮加入丙型肝炎支持組，無論是在您的社區或線上。 Your local American Liver Foundation chapter may be able to refer you a support group in your area.您當地的美國肝臟基金會章可以參考您的支持您的地區集團。
* Avoid spreading your blood to others.避免將你的血液給他人。 Don't share razors, toothbrushes or nail clippers.不共用剃須刀，牙刷或指甲刀。

Who is at risk for hepatitis C? 誰是C型肝炎的危險？

Anyone who was exposed to the blood of an infected person is at risk of having hepatitis C. You should talk to a doctor about getting tested for the disease if you:誰是人接觸到的血液被感染的人可能有肝炎C.您應該與醫生獲取測試疾病如果您：

* Ever used illegal intravenous drugs or cocaine使用過非法靜脈注射毒品或可卡因
* Received a blood transfusion or organ transplant prior to 1992, or a clotting factor made before 1987接受輸血或器官移植手術1992年之前，或凝血因子前87年
* Received long-term hemodialysis收到長期血液透析
* Have persistently abnormal liver enzyme levels堅持不正常的肝酶水平
* Are a health care, emergency medical and public safety worker exposed to needle sticks or other sources of HCV-positive blood是醫療保健，緊急醫療和公共安全工人接觸到針扎或其他來源的HCV陽性血
* Were born to an HCV-infected mother人出生的丙型肝炎病毒感染的母親
* Have had unprotected sex with multiple partners or have a history of sexually transmitted disease有不安全的性行為，與多個合作夥伴或有歷史的性傳播疾病
* Received tattoos or body piercings with unsterile needles, especially in an unregulated setting收到紋身或機構piercings與unsterile針頭，特別是在一個不受管制的設置
* Have household exposure, through the sharing of razors, tooth-brushes or other personal items with an HCV-infected person有家庭接觸，通過交流剃須刀，牙刷子或其他個人物品的丙型肝炎病毒感染者

What is the best way to prevent hepatitis C? 什麼是最好的方式 ， 以防止丙型肝炎？

There is no vaccine to prevent hepatitis C, so the only way to avoid the disease is to avoid exposure to infected blood.沒有疫苗預防丙型肝炎，所以只有這樣，才能避免這種疾病，避免接觸受感染的血液。 Infection can be avoided by:感染可避免的：

* Not sharing needles for illegal drugs不共用針頭的非法藥物
* Always using recommended safety precautions if you are exposed to blood at your job總是使用的安全防範措施的建議如果你接觸到的血液在你的工作
* Not engaging in risky sexual practices with people who may have hepatitis C不從事高風險性行為的人誰可能有C型肝炎
* Not sharing personal hygiene items with infected household members or others沒有分享個人衛生用品與受感染的家庭成員或其他人

How can I get more information about hepatitis C? 我如何獲得更多信息丙型肝炎？

You can visit the Web sites of the following organizations:您可以訪問網站的下列組織：

* HCV Advocate丙型肝炎病毒衛士
www.hcvadvocate.org www.hcvadvocate.org
* Hep C Connection喉癌ç連接
www.hepc-connection.org www.hepc - connection.org
* Hep C Alert喉癌ç快訊
www.hep-c-alert.org www.hep -架C - alert.org