食管癌患者類型
This page has information on the different types of cancer of the oesophagus (food pipe or gullet).這頁的資料，不同類型的患上食道癌（食品管或食道） 。 You can find information on你可以找到的資料

* Squamous cell carcinoma 鱗狀細胞癌
* Adenocarcinoma 腺癌
* Undifferentiated cancer of the oesophagus 未分化患上食道癌
* Rare types of oesophageal cancer 罕見的癌症類型的食管癌

Squamous cell carcinoma鱗狀細胞癌

Carcinoma just means cancer. This cancer starts in the cells of the skin-like lining of the oesophagus. About half the oesophageal cancers diagnosed are squamous cell carcinomas.癌只是意味著癌症。這種癌症開始在皮膚細胞中樣襯砌的食道。約有一半的癌症診斷是食道鱗狀細胞癌。 This type of cancer is found mainly in the upper third and middle of the oesophagus.這種類型的癌症主要是在上第三和中東的食道。 It develops in the squamous cells that make up the lining of the oesophagus.它開發的鱗狀細胞構成的食道壁。 These cells are resistant to hot liquids and sharp foods and can heal quickly if damaged. But the more they are damaged, the more new cells have to be made and the more chance there is that cells may gradually change into cancer cells .這些細胞抗高溫液體和夏普的食物，可以癒合快，如果損壞。但更多的被損壞，越新的細胞，必須作出更多的機會和有可能的是，細胞逐漸轉變為癌細胞 。

Adenocarcinoma 腺癌
Adenocarcinoma means a cancer that has started in gland cells. In oesophageal cancer, this is cells that make mucous in the lining of the oesophagus. The number of adenocarcinomas has increased in the last 20 years. They now make up half of all oesophageal cancers diagnosed. Adenocarcinomas are found mainly in the lower third of the oesophagus. This is the type of cancer that is most associated with acid reflux and Barrett's oesophagus .腺癌是指癌症，已開始在腺細胞。食管癌癌，這是細胞，使粘膜在襯裡的食道。腺癌的人數增加了近20年。他們現在彌補一半的癌症診斷食管癌。腺癌的發現主要是在低三分之一的食道。這是類型的癌症是最相關的酸反流和巴雷特食管 。

Undifferentiated cancer未分化癌

Undifferentiated means the specialist cannot tell what type of cell the cancer started from. Sometimes, cancer cells look very primitive and undeveloped under the microscope. The cells are not mature enough to be at all specialised. So the pathologist cannot say whether the cancer started from gland cells (adenocarcinoma) or skin cells (squamous cell).未分化手段專家不能告訴什麼類型的癌症細胞開始。有時候，癌細胞看起來非常原始和落後在顯微鏡下。細胞沒有足夠成熟，可以在所有專業。因此，不能說病理學家是否癌症開始腺細胞（腺癌）或皮膚細胞（鱗狀細胞） 。

Specialisation of cells is called 'differentiation'.專業化的細胞被稱為'分化' 。 So these primitive cancer cells are known as 'undifferentiated' cancer cells.因此，這些原始的癌細胞被稱為'分化'的癌細胞。 You may see 'undifferentiated carcinoma of the oesophagus' in your medical reports if you have this type of oesophageal cancer.您可能會看到'未分化癌的食道，在您的醫療報告如果您有這種類型的食道癌症。

Rare types of oesophageal cancer罕見的癌症類型的食管癌
Rarely, a lump in the oesophagus can be a condition called gastro-intestinal stromal tumour (sometimes shortened to GIST). When they grow in the oesophagus, these may not be cancer (and so are called benign tumours).很少，一次在食道可以稱為腸道間質瘤 （有時縮短到胃腸道間質瘤） 。當他們成長在食道，這些可能不是癌症（所以被稱為良性瘤） 。 But sometimes they can be malignant. This section of CancerHelp UK is not about this type of tumour.但有時可惡性腫瘤。這一節CancerHelp英國不是這種類型的腫瘤。 If you are looking for information on this type of tumour, go to the section on soft tissue sarcoma.如果您正在尋找的資料這種類型的腫瘤，去一節軟組織肉瘤。